NullableΒΆ

A property can be set to be nullable using the nullable property for OpenAPI 3.0:

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openapi: "3.0.0"

info:
  title: Test Schema
  description: API to illustrate nullable.
  version: "0.1"

paths:
  /employee:
    get:
      summary: Used to retrieve all employees.
      responses:
        200:
          description: Return all employees from the database.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                type: array
                items:
                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Employee"

components:
  schemas:
    Employee:
      description: Person that works for a company.
      type: object
      x-tablename: employee
      properties:
        id:
          type: integer
          description: Unique identifier for the employee.
          example: 0
          x-primary-key: true
          x-autoincrement: true
        name:
          type: string
          description: The name of the employee.
          example: David Andersson
          x-index: true
          nullable: true
        division:
          type: string
          description: The part of the company the employee works in.
          example: Engineering
          x-index: true
        salary:
          type: number
          description: The amount of money the employee is paid.
          example: 1000000.00
      required:
        - name
        - division

Or by including null in the type array for OpenAPI 3.1:

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openapi: "3.1.0"

info:
  title: Test Schema
  description: API to illustrate nullable.
  version: "0.1"

paths:
  /employee:
    get:
      summary: Used to retrieve all employees.
      responses:
        200:
          description: Return all employees from the database.
          content:
            application/json:
              schema:
                type: array
                items:
                  "$ref": "#/components/schemas/Employee"

components:
  schemas:
    Employee:
      description: Person that works for a company.
      type: object
      x-tablename: employee
      properties:
        id:
          type: integer
          description: Unique identifier for the employee.
          example: 0
          x-primary-key: true
          x-autoincrement: true
        name:
          type: [string, "null"]
          description: The name of the employee.
          example: David Andersson
          x-index: true
        division:
          type: string
          description: The part of the company the employee works in.
          example: Engineering
          x-index: true
        salary:
          type: number
          description: The amount of money the employee is paid.
          example: 1000000.00
      required:
        - name
        - division

The following example models file makes use of the OpenAPI specification to define the SQLAlchemy models:

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from open_alchemy import init_yaml

init_yaml("example-spec.yml", models_filename="models_auto.py")

This models file instructs OpenAlchemy to construct the SQLAlchemy models equivalent to the following traditional SQLAlchemy models.py file:

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import sqlalchemy as sa
from sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base

Base = declarative_base()


class Employee(Base):
    """Person that works for a company."""

    __tablename__ = "employee"
    id = sa.Column(sa.Integer, primary_key=True, autoincrement=True)
    name = sa.Column(sa.String, index=True, nullable=True)
    division = sa.Column(sa.String, index=True)
    salary = sa.Column(sa.Float)

OpenAlchemy also generates a fully type hinted version of the generated SQLAlchemy models:

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"""Autogenerated SQLAlchemy models based on OpenAlchemy models."""
# pylint: disable=no-member,super-init-not-called,unused-argument

import typing

import sqlalchemy
from sqlalchemy import orm

from open_alchemy import models

Base = models.Base  # type: ignore


class _EmployeeDictBase(typing.TypedDict, total=True):
    """TypedDict for properties that are required."""

    name: typing.Optional[str]
    division: str


class EmployeeDict(_EmployeeDictBase, total=False):
    """TypedDict for properties that are not required."""

    id: int
    salary: typing.Optional[float]


class TEmployee(typing.Protocol):
    """
    SQLAlchemy model protocol.

    Person that works for a company.

    Attrs:
        id: Unique identifier for the employee.
        name: The name of the employee.
        division: The part of the company the employee works in.
        salary: The amount of money the employee is paid.

    """

    # SQLAlchemy properties
    __table__: sqlalchemy.Table
    __tablename__: str
    query: orm.Query

    # Model properties
    id: "sqlalchemy.Column[int]"
    name: "sqlalchemy.Column[typing.Optional[str]]"
    division: "sqlalchemy.Column[str]"
    salary: "sqlalchemy.Column[typing.Optional[float]]"

    def __init__(
        self,
        name: typing.Optional[str],
        division: str,
        id: typing.Optional[int] = None,
        salary: typing.Optional[float] = None,
    ) -> None:
        """
        Construct.

        Args:
            id: Unique identifier for the employee.
            name: The name of the employee.
            division: The part of the company the employee works in.
            salary: The amount of money the employee is paid.

        """
        ...

    @classmethod
    def from_dict(
        cls,
        name: typing.Optional[str],
        division: str,
        id: typing.Optional[int] = None,
        salary: typing.Optional[float] = None,
    ) -> "TEmployee":
        """
        Construct from a dictionary (eg. a POST payload).

        Args:
            id: Unique identifier for the employee.
            name: The name of the employee.
            division: The part of the company the employee works in.
            salary: The amount of money the employee is paid.

        Returns:
            Model instance based on the dictionary.

        """
        ...

    @classmethod
    def from_str(cls, value: str) -> "TEmployee":
        """
        Construct from a JSON string (eg. a POST payload).

        Returns:
            Model instance based on the JSON string.

        """
        ...

    def to_dict(self) -> EmployeeDict:
        """
        Convert to a dictionary (eg. to send back for a GET request).

        Returns:
            Dictionary based on the model instance.

        """
        ...

    def to_str(self) -> str:
        """
        Convert to a JSON string (eg. to send back for a GET request).

        Returns:
            JSON string based on the model instance.

        """
        ...


Employee: typing.Type[TEmployee] = models.Employee  # type: ignore

See also

Getting Started